1. If you are experiencing a leak coming from the roof, obviously you can't get on the roof with rain and high winds, safety is key. If you have access to your attic and can visualize the water coming in, place some buckets or pots to capture the water at that point. Which will stop the damage to the drywall ceilings and the interior of your home.
2. If you have a leak that you see coming thru drywall, you can take a broom handle and poke a hole thru the drywall so that the water has somewhere to go. This will minimize the damage to a more centralized location, rather than a large wet spot in your ceiling.